Occupational Therapy

Chii Chinonzi Occupational Therapy?

Occupational therapy (OT) imhando yekudzoreredza kurapwa nzira inonangana nekusashanda kwevarwere.Iyo ibasa-inotungamirwa rehab nzira inosanganisira varwere kuti vatore chikamu muzviitiko zvebasa senge.ADL, kugadzira, mitambo yekuzorora uye kushamwaridzana.Zvakare, inodzidzisa uye inoongorora varwere kuti vavabatsire kudzoreredza kugona kwavo kuzvimiririra.Inotarisa kuenzanirana kwemabasa, zviitwa, zvipingamupinyi, kutora chikamu, uye mamiriro avo ezvinhu, uye chikamu chakakosha chemazuva ano kurapwa kwekugadzirisa.

Zvinyorwa zvekurapa kwekushanda zvinofanira kuenderana nechinangwa chekurapa.Sarudza mabasa akakodzera ebasa, ita kuti varwere vapedze zvinopfuura 80% yezvekurapa zvemukati, uye ngavashandise zvizere mitezo yavo isingashande.Mukuwedzera, kana uchifunga nezvekuita kwehutano hwemunharaunda, simba rekuita muviri wose rinofanirawo kuonekwa kuti riwedzere kukwanisa kwevarwere.

Basa rekurapa kwehutano nderekuvandudza kushanda kwemuviri uye chimiro chepfungwa chevarwere, kuvandudza ADL, kupa varwere nzvimbo inogadzirisa yekugara uye yekushanda, kukudziridza maonero nekuziva kwevarwere, uye kuvagadzirira kudzokera kuhupenyu hwemazuva ose nekukurumidza.

Occupational kudzidziswa zvakare ine huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa, uye inokodzera kune avo vanodakunatsiridza mashandiro emotokari yemakumbo, kunatsiridza kugona kwemuviri kuona, kunatsiridza kugona kwekuziva, uye kunatsiridza chimiro chepfungwa.Kunyanya, inosanganisira zvirwere zvehutano hwemagetsi, zvakadaisitiroko, kukuvara kwehuropi, chirwere cheParkinson, kukuvara kwemusana, kukuvara kwetsinga, kukuvara kwehuropi,etc.;geriatric zvirwere, zvakadaigeriatric cognitive dysfunction, nezvimwewo;osteoarticular zvirwere, zvakadaikukuvara kweosteoarticular, osteoarthritis, kukuvara kweruoko, kudimburwa, kutsiva majoini, kuisirwa tendon, kupisa, nezvimwewo;zvirwere zvokurapa, zvakadaichirwere chemwoyo, chirwere chisingaperi, nezvimwewo;obstructive pulmonary chirwere, zvakadairheumatoid arthritis, chirwere cheshuga, nezvimwewo;zvirwere zvevana, zvakadaicerebral palsy, congenital malformation, stunting, nezvimwewo;zvirwere zvepfungwa, zvakadaikuora mwoyo, schizophrenia recovery period, etc. Zvisinei,haina kukodzera kuvarwere vane ruzivo rusina kujeka uye kukanganisa kwakanyanya kwekuziva, varwere vakakomba, uye varwere vane chirwere chemwoyo, hepatorenal dysfunction.

The Classification of Occupational Therapy

(1) Kurongwa maererano nechinangwa chetestamende yekare

1. OT ye dyskinesias, yakadai seyo inoshandiswa kusimbisa simba remhasuru, kuvandudza mararamiro ekubatana, uye kuwedzera kuwirirana.

2. OT yekukanganisa kwekunzwisisa: kunyanya kune varwere vane kuvhiringidzika kwepfungwa zvakadai sekurwadziwa, proprioception, kuona, kubata uye zvimwe zvipingamupinyi mukucherechedza, chiyeuchidzo, kufunga, nezvimwewo. Rudzi urwu rwekudzidzisa kweOT nderokuvandudza kukwanisa kwevarwere kuona, zvakadai seunilateral. kuregeredza nzira yekudzidzisa.

3. OT nokuda kwekusagadzikana kwekutaura, zvakadai se aphasia uye chirwere chekutaura muvarwere vehemiplegic.

4. OT yehutano hwepfungwa uye hwepfungwa hwekugadzirisa kushanda kwepfungwa uye mamiriro epfungwa.

5. OT yekusagadzikana kwebasa uye kubatanidzwa kwevanhu mukuvandudza kukwanisa kwevarwere kugadzirisa munharaunda uye kurarama vakazvimirira.Iri ndiro dambudziko guru rinoda kugadziriswa neoccupational therapy.

(2) Kurongwa maererano nezita retestamende yekare
1. ADL:Kuti uwane kuzvitarisira, varwere vanofanira kudzokorora mabasa ezuva nezuva akadai semapfekero ezuva nezuva, kudya, kuzvichenesa uye kufamba.Varwere vanokunda zvipingamupinyi zvavo uye vanovandudza kugona kwavo kuzvitarisira kuburikidza neOT.

a, Chengetedza maitiro akanaka: Varwere vakasiyana vane zvido zvakasiyana-siyana pazvigaro zvekureva nhema uye maitiro, asi nheyo huru ndeyekuchengetedza nzvimbo dzakanaka dzekushanda, kudzivirira kukanganiswa kwechibvumirano, nekudzivirira kukanganisa kwakashata kwemaitiro akaipa pazvirwere.

b, Shandura kudzidziswa: Kazhinji, varwere vari pamubhedha vanofanira kutendeuka nguva dzose.Kana mamiriro acho achibvumidza, regai varwere vaedze kutendeuka vega.

c, Kugara pasi kudzidziswa: Nerubatsiro rwevarapi, regai varwere vagare kubva panzvimbo yakarara, uye kubva pakugara panzvimbo yekurara.

d, Kutamisa kudzidzisa: Kutamisa pakati pemubhedha newiricheya, wiricheya nechigaro, wiricheya nechimbuzi.

e, Kudzidziswa kwekudya: Kudya uye kunwa kwakazara uye kwakaoma maitiro.Paunenge uchidya, chengetedza huwandu hwezvokudya uye kukurumidza kwekudya.Mukuwedzera, chengetedza huwandu hwemvura inoshandiswa uye kukurumidza kwekunwa.

f, Kudzidzira Kupfeka: Kupfeka uye kupfekenura kudzidziswa kunoda hunyanzvi hwakawanda kuti upedze, kusanganisira simba remhasuru, kugona kuenzanisa, kubatana kwekufamba, kuona uye kugona kwekuziva.Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekuoma, dzidzira kubva pakubvisa kusvika pakupfeka, kubva kumusoro kusvika kune yakaderera madhirezi.

g, Kudzidziswa kwechimbuzi: Zvinoda hunyanzvi hwekufamba kwevarwere, uye varwere vanofanirwa kuwana zvakadzikama kugara uye kumira zvimiro, kutamisa muviri, nezvimwe.

2. Mabasa ekurapa: Mabasa akanyatsosarudzwa kuti avandudze kusashanda kwemurwere kuburikidza nezviitiko kana maturusi chaiwo.Semuyenzaniso, varwere vehemiplegic vane upper limb movement disorder vanogona kukanya plasticine, screw the nut, etc. kudzidzisa kusimudza, kutenderera, uye kubata kugona kuvandudza mashandiro emota yemakumbo.

3. Zviitwa zvevashandi zvine pundutso:Rudzi urwu rwekuita rwakakodzerwa nevarwere vakapora kune imwe dhigirii, kana varwere vane dysfunction isiri yakanyanya.Ndichiri kuita basa rekuita kurapwa, vanogona zvakare kugadzira kukosha kwehupfumi, senge mamwe mabasa emaoko sekuveza.

4. Zvepfungwa uye zvemagariro zviitiko:Mamiriro epfungwa evarwere achachinja zvishoma mushure mekuvhiyiwa kana munguva yekupora kwechirwere.Mhando iyi yeOT inobatsira varwere kugadzirisa mamiriro avo epfungwa, kuchengetedza kuwirirana pakati pevarwere nenzanga, uye inoita kuti vave nemafungiro akanaka.

Kuongororwa kweOccupational Therapy

Chinangwa chekuongorora kweOT mhedzisiro ndeyekuongorora dhigirii rekusashanda.Kuburikidza nemigumisiro yekuongorora, tinogona kunzwisisa zvisingakwanisi uye matambudziko evarwere.Kubva pamaonero ekurapa kwemabasa, tinogona kuona zvinangwa zvekudzidziswa uye kugadzira chirongwa chekudzidzisa zvichibva pamhedzisiro yekuongorora.Uye regai varwere vatore kudzidziswa kwekuvandudza kuburikidza nekugara kwesimba rekuongorora (motor basa, sensory function, ADL kugona, nezvimwewo) uye zvakakodzera mabasa ebasa.

To Sum Up
Occupational Therapists inyanzvi dzinoita basa rekurapa mukudzoreredza.Occupational therapy, kurapa kwemuviri, kurapa kwekutaura, nezvimwe ndezvechikamu chemushonga wekudzoreredza.Testamende yekare yave ichishanduka sezvainoramba ichikura, uye zvishoma nezvishoma yave ichizivikanwa nekugamuchirwa.OT inogona kubatsira varwere muminda yakawanda, uye varwere vakawanda vanogamuchira uye vanozviziva mukurapwa.Inogona kubatsira zvakanyanya varwere kudzoreredza kugona kwavo kutora chikamu munharaunda uye kudzokera kumhuri dzavo.

“Occupational therapy inzira ine hunyanzvi ine hwaro hwayo hwedzidziso uye hunoshanda.Chinangwa chayo ndechekubvumira vanorwara nevakaremara kuti vashandise mabasa akasarudzika ekuvandudza uye kudzoreredza mabasa avo emuviri, epfungwa, uye magariro zvakanyanya.Inokurudzira vanorwara nevakaremara kuti vatore chikamu mukudzoreredza uye kuwedzera chivimbo chavo mukurarama vakazvimirira.“

Tiri kupa zvimweOT michinauye marobhoti ari kutengeswa, inzwa wakasununguka kutarisa uyebvunza.